Salat - Prayer:
Ensure the area chosen for prayer is clean and free of impurities.
This includes your body, your clothes, and the place of prayer itself.
Wudu - Ritual Cleanliness.
You must be ritually pure before you go start praying. If you're not, it's required to perform wudu (ablution) before you do. If since your last prayer, you have urinated, defecated, passed gas, bled excessively, passed madhy (urethral fluid) or fallen asleep deeply, you need to perform wudu.
Fajr:
The first prayer to start your day is performed before sunrise at true dawn in remembrance of Allah (swt).
Two rak'ah sunnah mu'akkadah (optional but highly recommended).
Zuhur:
A prayer to remember Allah and seek His guidance is performed either shortly before or after noon, depending on the time of year. Usually, you will have already started your work day and will need to take a short break.
Four rak'ah sunnah mu'akkadah (optional but highly recommended), then four rak'ah fardh (obligatory), then two rak'ah sunnah mu'akkdah (optional but highly recommended), then two rak'ah nafl (optional).
Asr:
A prayer to reflect on the greater meaning of our lives takes place in the late afternoon.
Four rak'ah sunnah ghayr mu'akkadah (optional but spiritually beneficial), then four rak'ah fardh (obligatory).
Maghrib:
The fourth daily prayer takes place not long after the sun has set in order to remember Allah (swt) before the day finishes.
Three rak'ah fardh (obligatory), then two rak'ah sunnah mu'akkadah (optional but highly recommended), then two rak'ah nafl (optional).
Isha:
The final prayer of the day, before going to bed and resting, you must take time to pray and show gratitude for Allah’s presence, mercy, guidance and forgiveness.
Four rak'ah sunnah, then four rak'ah fardh (obligatory), then two rak'ah sunnah mu'akkadah (optional but highly recommended), then two rak'ah nafl (optional), then three rak'ah witr (optional but highly recommended), then two rak'ah nafl (optional).